资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。
2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
通讯:2023美国消费电子展上多国企业家热议“中国创新”****** 新华社美国拉斯维加斯1月8日电通讯:2023美国消费电子展上多国企业家热议“中国创新” 新华社记者黄恒 谭晶晶 兴越 “我们说中国市场最重要,不仅因为这是规模最大的市场,也在于其技术发展和创新能力在全球独一无二。”德国宝马集团负责研发的董事弗兰克·韦伯日前在此间举行的2023年美国拉斯维加斯消费电子展上告诉记者。 近年来,“中国”一直是这一全球最大电子消费品展会的热门话题之一。今年最明显的变化之一,便是主题由此前的“中国制造”“中国产业链”变成了“中国创新”。包括宝马在内,许多参展企业都在中国设立了研发部门。他们告诉记者,中国的政策支持、研发能力和市场特质,让这种选择成为一种必然,因为如果不这样做,就可能会在全球竞争中落败。 美国高通公司产品管理主任、全球车联网生态系统负责人吉姆·米塞纳接受记者采访时说,目前中国在车联网方面走在世界前列,政府引导功不可没。“我们在与美国相关产业决策者沟通时,经常提到中国经验。” 他说,中国政府积极推动蜂窝车联网技术(C-V2X)基础设施建设,加快C-V2X标准制定和技术升级,出台一系列规划和政策推动车联网产业发展。中国凭借创新能力、市场以及强有力的政策支持,正引领全球电动车技术和应用的创新发展。 据韦伯介绍,宝马已经在中国建立了德国之外最大的研发和创新体系,涉及研发、数字化、电动化等领域。“中国市场对于宝马集团的意义已经不仅仅是创新驱动力这么简单。中国团队是整个团队成功的关键,中国研发团队是全球研发非常重要的有机组成部分。很多中国供应商已经成为行业标杆,不仅是传统汽车零部件,还包括电池、电芯等领域”。 来自泰国的D+国际贸易公司在今年展会上有一个18平方米的展位,主推产品是新型手机膜。该公司海外市场负责人游婷婷告诉记者,公司将专门的技术研发部门设在中国东莞的工厂而不是泰国总部,目前有数十名研发人员。 游婷婷说,虽然手机膜看起来并非什么高科技产品,但如何做到更不易损、更容易贴和更有利于保护用户视力,这需要集合多学科人才的创新研究和技术攻关。在中国不仅可以找到这样的研究人员,而且中国市场竞争激烈,会推动研发人员不断推陈出新。 专注于研发全自主送货机器人的美国科技初创企业Ottonomy公司首席执行官里图卡尔·维贾伊表示,该公司密切关注中国智能机器人企业的创新解决方案,因为中国机器人市场很大,而且竞争激烈,中国公司在解决“最后一公里”配送方案上有很多开创性成果。 韦伯特别谈到中国消费者对产品创新的推动力。“现在如果有了一个新想法,从把它画到图纸上变成概念车开始,多长时间就可以量产呢?答案是两年之后。动力从哪里来?就是从中国消费者这样善于且乐于接受新事物的消费群体中来。” 中国机电产品进出口商会副会长石永红在接受记者采访时表示,中国将继续支持外资企业在华投资开展研发和创新,促进共创共赢。 他说:“近来中国出台了利好外资外贸的一系列政策,包括扩大鼓励外商投资范围,推进重大外资项目建设,增设试验区、示范区,加快出台海外仓支持政策等。相信未来在华外资企业研发和营商环境将更加优越,内外资企业竞争会更加公平,投资收益也将进一步扩大。” (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |